Electro-magnet



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FERDINAND A. \VESSEL, OF BROOKLYN, NE\V YORK.

ELECTRO-MAGNET.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 449,358, dated March 31, 1891.

Application filed November 19, 1890. Serial No. 371,908. (No model.)

To ail whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FERDINAND A.i\nssnr., a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Brooklymin the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Electro-Magnet, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the construction of electro-lnaguets where it is desired to provide for the division of the coil-winding into sections for any purpose-as, for instance, for varying the power of the magnet.

The invention is applicable to electromagncts generally, whether stationary or movable and whether provided with amagnetic or a non-magnetic core or carrier, but is especially applicable to stationary magnets having-an iron core-such, for instance, as the field-magnets of dynamo-electric generators or motors.

One of the objects of my invention is to secure compactness, smoothness, and uniformity in the windings, and also to facilitate the manufacture.

A further object is to avoid liability to displacement or injury of leading-wires at the point where they lead away from the coils.

Another object is to permit the division of the coils into sections, each consisting of a single layer of wire, and at the same time to carry all the loading-wires away from the coils at the same edge.

Other advantages secured by my invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

My invention consists, first, in disposing the leading-wires where they lie outside of the coil in a flat layer resting directly upon the pole or an extension of the core, the wires of such layer being all disposed in a plane parallel with the surface on which they lie. By this means all the wires hug the surface closely, and, not being separate therefrom, are less liable to be caught by foreign objects.

Another part of the invention consists in carrying the leading-wires for the coils beneath said coils, between the coils and core or carrier, and across the coil-space, as hercinafter described.

The invention consists, further, in building the coil by placing the leading-wires in position,winding the coils as a continuous winding, and during the operation making connection to the leading-wires at the proper points in the winding.

Other features of improvement constituting my invention will be described in connection with the accompanying drawings, and then specified in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a plan of an electro-magnet having its leading-wires disposed in accordance with my invention and showing the beginning of the temporary heads or flanges located at opposite edges of the coil-space, or may be the spool-heads or flanges of the finished magnet which hold the coils in place.

The leading-wires for the sectional coilare indicated by the letters 0. a. These wires rest upon the pole or core extension of the electroanagnet, as shown more clearly in the edge view, and are assembled thereupon in a flat layer, the wires of which lie in a plane parallel to the face of the pole or core extension. Being thus arranged, they areless liable to displacement or derangement, and their ends may be carried over the end of the polepicce and attached to switch-blocks or other devices mounted upon the pole.

To construct a sectional coil in accordance with my invention I proceed as follows: The leading-wires a a are assembled in position upon the core or carrier A for the coils, with their free ends, which are to be connected to the coil sections, upturned, as indicated in Figs. 3 and i. The loading-wires which are to be connected with the edge of the coil atthe edge thereof next the pole-piece are indicated by the letter a, and those which are to be connected with the coil at the opposite edge by the letter a. As shown, the alternate leading-wires extend across the space occupied by the coil, and being so placed all the coil-wiudings will be wound over them.

The heads or flanges B are provided with suitable recesses, as indicated atfib, to receive the upturned ends of the wires a a. In beginning the winding the beginning of the coil is connected to the end of the first leadingwire a, the upturned end of which is bent down. as indicated in the figures, so as t lie parallel with the wire constituting the coil. Connection may be made by hearing the insulation on the coil-wire and binding and soldering, as well understood in the art. One or more layers of wire are now wound continuously upon the core A, and at the completion of the first, third, or other winding, which terminates at the edge of the coil-space where the leading-wires a are upturned, the first of the upturned ends of the latter wires is bent down and connection m adeto the coil-wiudin g.

I prefer in constructing the coil for many purposes to wind but a single layer, and will assume in the future description that the sectional magnet has sections each consisting of a single layer.

Fig. 1 shows the beginning of the operation of winding, two complete turns having been applied to the coil, and the wire being shown as starting on the third turn. Proceeding in the ord-inaryway, a single layer of wire is laid over the whole space A until the winding progresses so that the wire lies next to the head of the coil, where the upturned ends of the leading-wires aare located. The last turn is indicated by the numerals 5 6, Fig. 2, the part 5 thereof constituting thelast end of the first turn, and the part 6 thereof, which is continued into turn 7 as the first turn of the second layer, constituting the beginning of the second section. The first turn 7 is, for the sake of illustrating the idea, shown as to one side of the turn 5 6; but it will be understood that in practice it would be wound on top of the turn 5 6, the windings being continued for the second section in reverse order on top of the windings of the first layer or section. hen the end of the wire of the first layer has been brought to the position upon the core indicated at 5 6, the end of the first leading-wire a is turned down and connected thereto, as indicated. After the connection has been completed the wire is given another turn, resulting in the turn 7,just described, which makes the first turn of the second layer. This layer is now wound,the wire being applied on top of the first layer and progressively filling the space in a reverse direction, just as thread is wound upon a spool. IVhen the second layerhas been filled out to the opposite head B, so that the wire lies next to the head, where the up turned ends of the leading-wires a are located, the second of said wires a is turned down just as the first was and connection made to the last turnof the second layer. The winding is then continued and the first turn of the third layer is wound upon the top of the lastturn of the second layer and the third layer is applied, filln g the space proseries of coil-sections.

grcssively lllltll llhe wire reaches the head, where the terminals a arelocated, when connection is made to the wire by bendingdown the second of the wires a, just as the first was bent down and "connected. The operation is then continued, passing from one side to the other of the coil-faces without interrupting the continuity of the wire which is wound upon the spool or magnet-core, connection being made, however, to said wire at intervals, as already explained, by bending down and soldering the terminals of the leading wires. 1 heoperation is continued until the last of the wires a is reached,when connection is made to the ends of thetoplayer,thelastleading-wireaconstituting, therefore, the terminal of the whole IVhen connection has been made at this point, the end of the wire applied to the core is cut ofi and the operat on completed by covering the oint, shellacking and applying whatever protectingenvelope may be desired, as well understood in the art. As each leading-wire a a connects to the end of one coil and the beginning of another, it will be obvious that by providing thirteen (13) wires, as shown, a coil of twelve (12) sections may be wound.

\Yhen the winding proceeds in the manner just described, the first of the wires forms one pole or terminal of the series of sections and the last wire a would form the end or opposite terminal of the series, while the remainin g wires a,five in number, together with the six wires a, would form connections to intermediate portions of the sectional winding, as illustrated in Fig. 5.

The head or flange B next the pole end-pf the magnet is provided with a slot near its inner edge, as indicated in the end view, said slot being parallel to the pole-face of the core, as shown, to afford a passage for the leadingwires, which all rest upon the core orcarrier. The recesses I) afford a space for the ends of the leading-wires when they are turned down for connection with the coil-windings.

What I claim as my invention is' 1. In a sectional electro-magnet, a retaining head or flange for the coils, having an elongated slot or opening near its inner edge and parallel to the face of the pole or core, in combination with leading-wires for the coil sections passing through said slot and resting upon the pole-face in a single flatlayer. 1

2. In a sectionally-wound electro-Inagnet, leading-wires resting upon the core or carrier upon which the coils are wound beneath said coils and extending across or transversely to the coils from one edge to the other of the coilspace. v V

3. In a sectionally-wound electro-uiagnet in which each layer of wire constitutes a separate section, leading-wires for the alternate sections extending beneath all the windings to the opposite side of the magnet-coil.

4. In a sectionally-wound electro-magnet,

leading-wires assembled in a parallel planeupon the core or carrier for the coils and connected alternately to the windings at opposite edges of the coil. I

In a sectional electro-magnct, leadingwires passing through the coil head or flange near the core or carrier, the alternate wires being extended across to the opposite edge of the coil for connection 'with the edge of a layer of the winding.

6. In a sectional electro-magnet, a series of leading-wires connected to the coil-sections and carried beneath the coils between the same and the core or carrier upon which they are wound.

T. The herein described method of constructing a sectional electro-magnet, consisting in placing the leading-wires in position upon the core or carrier for the coils, with free ends at opposite sides of the space to be occupied by the said coils, winding the wire upon the carrier as a continuous coil, and during the operation connecting the leadingwires to the same at the edges of the layers.

8. The herein described method of constructing a sectional electro-magn-et, by plae ing the leading-wires in position with their ends upturned at the edge of the coil-space, winding the wire as a continuous coil, and on p the completion of a layer bending down an upturned end of a leadingwire in. a plane parallel to the plane of winding and connecting to the coil at the edge thereof.

9. The herein-described improvement in constructing a sectional electro-magnet, consisting in placing the leading-wires in position, winding the coil, and making connection York and State of NewYork, this 1st day of 50 November, A. D. 1890.

FERDINAND A. \YE SSEL.

Witnesses:

WM. H. CAPEL, THos. F. CoUnnY. 

